Question 1

Match each term to its definition.
-gastrula

Accepted Answer

A)  fluid-filled cavity within the blastomere
B)  stage in which an embryo has three tissue layers
C)  solid ball of blastomeres
D)  opening that eventually becomes the anus
E)  process that involves an increase in number of cells, but not an increase in massF) early stage in formation of the nervous systemG) second stage of cleavage; a formed hollow cavityH) None of the above
I) C) and D)

Question 2

Match each term with its definition.
-induction

Accepted Answer

A)  undifferentiated muscle cells
B)  pigmented layer of cytoplasm opposite from point of entry of sperm
C)  rounded layer of cells at the surface of yolk in birds
D)  solid rod of tissue that is involved in neurulation
E)  fingerlike extensions into the endometriumF) clear fibrous proteinG) programmed cell deathH) event when a group of cells influences a nearby group of cellsI) F) and H)
J) A) and B)

Question 3

Figure 44-2 
-In Figure 44-2, what structure is indicated by number 1?

Accepted Answer

A)   the vitelline coat
B)   the acrosome
C)   a mature follicle
D)   the zona pellucidaE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 4

At what point in development is a human embryo considered to be a fetus?

Accepted Answer

A)   10 weeks
B)   8 weeks
C)   4 weeks
D)   2 weeksE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

Which of these terms is another name for the birth canal?

Accepted Answer

A)   oviduct
B)   vulva
C)   uterus
D)   vaginaE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 6

Figure 44-1 
-In Figure 44-1, which number refers to the site of fertilization?

Accepted Answer

A)   1
B)   2
C)   3
D)   4E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Which of the following is an advantage of sexual reproduction?

Accepted Answer

A)   Individual organisms do not have to seek mates.
B)   It promotes genetic diversity.
C)   In stable environments, the offspring are as well-adapted as the parents.
D)   It is less energetically costly than asexual reproduction.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 8

Which sequence places the three primary cell layers of an embryo in order from superficial to deep?

Accepted Answer

A)   endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm
B)   mesoderm, ectoderm, endoderm
C)   ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm
D)   ectoderm, endoderm, mesodermE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 9

Which of the following determine the development of male or female sex organs in the human embryo?

Accepted Answer

A)   genes on the X chromosome
B)   genes on the Y chromosome
C)   environmental factors
D)   genes on the somatic chromosomesE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 10

Put the following mechanisms of development in the order in which they occur.
-fifth mechanism

Accepted Answer

A)  cell movements
B)  determination
C)  differentiation
D)  induction
E)  mitotic cell divisionsF) selective cell adhesionsG) A) and B)
H) All of the above

Question 11

Identify each labelled part of the illustration. 
-yolk sac

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify each labelled part of the illustration....

Question 12

In humans, how does spermatogenesis differ from oogenesis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Spermatogenesis involves meiosis; oogenesis involves mitosis.
B)   Spermatogenesis produces fewer numbers of gametes.
C)   Spermatogenesis begins at birth; oogenesis begins at puberty.
D)   Spermatogenesis continues throughout life; oogenesis ends at menopause.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 13

Match each hormone with its correct description.
-testosterone

Accepted Answer

A)  triggers ovulation
B)  stimulates Sertoli cells
C)  stimulates growth of the endometrium
D)  secreted by Sertoli cells and the corpus luteum
E)  secreted by the hypothalamusF) secreted by follicular cellsG) secreted by the corpus luteum even after it regresses later in pregnancy; blocks uterine contractions until time of birth is nearH) secreted by Leydig cellsI) A) and B)
J) A) and C)

Question 14

In some species of sharks, babies hatch from shells within their mother's body. What is this behaviour an example of?

Accepted Answer

A)   oviparity
B)   viviparity
C)   ovoviviparity
D)   buddingE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 15

Which of the following refers to the discharge that results from menstrual flow?

Accepted Answer

A)   the follicle
B)   the lining of the endometrium
C)   the blood from vessels on the outside of the uterus
D)   the corpus luteumE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of an escalation in parental investment?

Accepted Answer

A)   moving young but not eggs inside the parent's body
B)   moving eggs but not young inside the parent's body
C)   moving eggs and young outside the parent's body
D)   moving eggs and young inside the parent's bodyE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 17

Which of these statements best describes the gametes of most animals?

Accepted Answer

A)   A sperm is large and motile; an egg is small and nonmotile.
B)   A sperm is small and motile; an egg is large and nonmotile.
C)   A sperm is large and nonmotile; an egg is small and motile.
D)   A sperm is small and nonmotile; an egg is large and motile.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 18

Why could an ultrasound performed at week 4 of development be unable to determine the sex of a developing human fetus?

Accepted Answer

The male and female structures look near...

Question 19

What do enzymes in the mammalian acrosome do?

Accepted Answer

A)   digest the zona pellucida
B)   inhibit premature ejaculation
C)   digest the endometrium
D)   stimulate ovulationE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 20

Which of these processes is one of sexual reproduction?

Accepted Answer

A)   fission
B)   fertilization
C)   budding
D)   fragmentationE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Exam 44: Animal Reproduction

Match each term to its definition. -gastrula

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Match each hormone with its correct description. -testosterone

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Which of these processes is one of sexual reproduction?

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Why could an ultrasound performed at week 4 of development be unable to determine the sex of a developing human fetus?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe male and female structures look near...View AnswerShow Answer

Which sequence places the three primary cell layers of an embryo in order from superficial to deep?

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In some species of sharks, babies hatch from shells within their mother's body. What is this behaviour an example of?

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Which of these terms is another name for the birth canal?

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Match each term with its definition. -induction

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Which of the following is an example of an escalation in parental investment?

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Which of the following is an advantage of sexual reproduction?

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Which of the following refers to the discharge that results from menstrual flow?

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Figure 44-1 -In Figure 44-1, which number refers to the site of fertilization?

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What do enzymes in the mammalian acrosome do?

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At what point in development is a human embryo considered to be a fetus?

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Which of the following determine the development of male or female sex organs in the human embryo?

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Identify each labelled part of the illustration. -yolk sac

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Which of these statements best describes the gametes of most animals?

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In humans, how does spermatogenesis differ from oogenesis?

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Figure 44-2 -In Figure 44-2, what structure is indicated by number 1?

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Put the following mechanisms of development in the order in which they occur. -fifth mechanism

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The male and female structures look near...
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